Bisfenol. Infográfico no Correio Braziliense
Bisfenol está associado a obesidade em crianças – Estudo associou a presença da substância no organismo de crianças e adolescentes com um risco maior de obesidade; bisfenol aparece no plástico de garrafas e de embalagens de alimentos
Um ano depois de a Anvisa ter proibido a fabricação e a importação de mamadeiras que continham bisfenol A em sua composição, um estudo [Association Between Urinary Bisphenol A Concentration and Obesity Prevalence in Children and Adolescents] associou a presença da substância no organismo de crianças e adolescentes com um risco maior de obesidade. O bisfenol aparece no plástico de garrafas e de embalagens de alimentos. Também é usado no revestimento de latas. Matéria de Mariana Lenharo, em O Estado de S.Paulo, com informações adiconais do EcoDebate.
http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/vidae,bisfenol-esta-associado-a-obesidade-em-criancas,932446,0.htm
Pesquisadores da Escola de Medicina da Universidade de Nova York avaliaram 2.838 pessoas de 6 a 19 anos. A urina dos participantes foi analisada para quantificar a presença do bisfenol. Eles foram, então, divididos em quatro grupos de acordo com a quantidade encontrada.
http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/vidae,bisfenol-esta-associado-a-obesidade-em-criancas,932446,0.htm
Pesquisadores da Escola de Medicina da Universidade de Nova York avaliaram 2.838 pessoas de 6 a 19 anos. A urina dos participantes foi analisada para quantificar a presença do bisfenol. Eles foram, então, divididos em quatro grupos de acordo com a quantidade encontrada.
No grupo com mais bisfenol na urina, havia 10,3% de crianças e adolescentes obesos. Já no grupo com menor quantidade da substância, 22,3% dos participantes tinham obesidade. O estudo foi publicado hoje no Journal of The American Medical Association (JAMA).
Estudos em laboratório já tinham detectado uma relação entre o bisfenol e a obesidade. Essa é, porém, a primeira pesquisa em crianças e adolescentes a avaliar essa hipótese. A endocrinologista Tania Bachega, da Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia (SBEM) e membro do Grupo de Trabalho dos Desreguladores Endócrinos da Regional São Paulo da SBEM, explica que, em cultura de células, já foi observado que o bisfenol seria responsável pela proliferação do tecido adiposo.
Tania alerta que as principais causas da obesidade continuam sendo o aumento do consumo de calorias e o sedentarismo. “Mas especialistas estão discutindo que, apesar do aumento da ingesta calórica, a obesidade está crescendo muito mais do que o esperado.” A hipótese seria que substâncias químicas, chamadas de obesógenos, poderiam estar predispondo ao ganho de peso. O bisfenol, que interfere no funcionamento do sistema endócrino, seria uma dessas substâncias.
Mesmo assim, os pesquisadores não descartam a hipótese de que crianças obesas consumam mais produtos como refrigerantes e alimentos enlatados, que conhecidamente têm maior quantidade de bisfenol em suas embalagens.
Outros malefícios associados ao bisfenol são câncer, diabete, infertilidade, endometriose, ovários policísticos, entre outros.
Segundo a endocrinologista Ieda Verreschi, da Unifesp, estudos demonstram atuações específicas do bisfenol em alguns períodos do desenvolvimento humano, como o nascimento, a puberdade e alguns momentos da vida adulta. Nos recém-nascidos, ele pode promover a alteração no desenvolvimento das gônadas, podendo levar à ambiguidade genital. Na adolescência, eleestá relacionado à puberdade precoce. Já em adultos, ele se relaciona a alguns casos de câncer, como o de mama e o de próstata.
Association Between Urinary Bisphenol A Concentration and Obesity Prevalence in Children and Adolescents
Leonardo Trasande, MD, MPP; Teresa M. Attina, MD, PhD, MPH; Jan Blustein, MD, PhD
JAMA. 2012;308(11):1113-1121. doi:10.1001/2012.jama.11461
Leonardo Trasande, MD, MPP; Teresa M. Attina, MD, PhD, MPH; Jan Blustein, MD, PhD
JAMA. 2012;308(11):1113-1121. doi:10.1001/2012.jama.11461
ABSTRACT
Context
Bisphenol A (BPA), a manufactured chemical, is found in canned food, polycarbonate-bottled liquids, and other consumer products. In adults, elevated urinary BPA concentrations are associated with obesity and incident coronary artery disease. BPA exposure is plausibly linked to childhood obesity, but evidence is lacking to date.
Bisphenol A (BPA), a manufactured chemical, is found in canned food, polycarbonate-bottled liquids, and other consumer products. In adults, elevated urinary BPA concentrations are associated with obesity and incident coronary artery disease. BPA exposure is plausibly linked to childhood obesity, but evidence is lacking to date.
Objective
To examine associations between urinary BPA concentration and body mass outcomes in children.
To examine associations between urinary BPA concentration and body mass outcomes in children.
Design, Setting, and Participants
Cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative subsample of 2838 participants aged 6 through 19 years randomly selected for measurement of urinary BPA concentration in the 2003-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.
Cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative subsample of 2838 participants aged 6 through 19 years randomly selected for measurement of urinary BPA concentration in the 2003-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.
Main Outcome Measures
Body mass index (BMI), converted to sex- and age-standardized z scores and used to classify participants as overweight (BMI ?85th percentile for age/sex) or obese (BMI ?95th percentile).
Body mass index (BMI), converted to sex- and age-standardized z scores and used to classify participants as overweight (BMI ?85th percentile for age/sex) or obese (BMI ?95th percentile).
Results
Median urinary BPA concentration was 2.8 ng/mL (interquartile range, 1.5-5.6). Of the participants, 1047 (34.1% [SE, 1.5%]) were overweight and 590 (17.8% [SE, 1.3%]) were obese. Controlling for race/ethnicity, age, caregiver education, poverty to income ratio, sex, serum cotinine level, caloric intake, television watching, and urinary creatinine level, children in the lowest urinary BPA quartile had a lower estimated prevalence of obesity (10.3% [95% CI, 7.5%-13.1%]) than those in quartiles 2 (20.1% [95% CI, 14.5%-25.6%]), 3 (19.0% [95% CI, 13.7%-24.2%]), and 4 (22.3% [95% CI, 16.6%-27.9%]). Similar patterns of association were found in multivariable analyses examining the association between quartiled urinary BPA concentration and BMI z score and in analyses that examined the logarithm of urinary BPA concentration and the prevalence of obesity. Obesity was not associated with exposure to other environmental phenols commonly used in other consumer products, such as sunscreens and soaps. In stratified analysis, significant associations between urinary BPA concentrations and obesity were found among whites (P < .001) but not among blacks or Hispanics.
Median urinary BPA concentration was 2.8 ng/mL (interquartile range, 1.5-5.6). Of the participants, 1047 (34.1% [SE, 1.5%]) were overweight and 590 (17.8% [SE, 1.3%]) were obese. Controlling for race/ethnicity, age, caregiver education, poverty to income ratio, sex, serum cotinine level, caloric intake, television watching, and urinary creatinine level, children in the lowest urinary BPA quartile had a lower estimated prevalence of obesity (10.3% [95% CI, 7.5%-13.1%]) than those in quartiles 2 (20.1% [95% CI, 14.5%-25.6%]), 3 (19.0% [95% CI, 13.7%-24.2%]), and 4 (22.3% [95% CI, 16.6%-27.9%]). Similar patterns of association were found in multivariable analyses examining the association between quartiled urinary BPA concentration and BMI z score and in analyses that examined the logarithm of urinary BPA concentration and the prevalence of obesity. Obesity was not associated with exposure to other environmental phenols commonly used in other consumer products, such as sunscreens and soaps. In stratified analysis, significant associations between urinary BPA concentrations and obesity were found among whites (P < .001) but not among blacks or Hispanics.
Conclusions
Urinary BPA concentration was significantly associated with obesity in this cross-sectional study of children and adolescents. Explanations of the association cannot rule out the possibility that obese children ingest food with higher BPA content or have greater adipose stores of BPA.
Urinary BPA concentration was significantly associated with obesity in this cross-sectional study of children and adolescents. Explanations of the association cannot rule out the possibility that obese children ingest food with higher BPA content or have greater adipose stores of BPA.
EcoDebate, 18/09/2012